The Insight That Determines Who Wields Social Power (M)

There is a science to who rises to the top of the social ladder.

There is a science to who rises to the top of the social ladder.

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Why Good People Do Terrible Things When Given Orders (M)

The neural mechanism behind some of history’s most disturbing acts of obedience.

The neural mechanism behind some of history's most disturbing acts of obedience.

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A Trick That Makes People Like You More

The trick works well when other people already see you as competent.

The trick works well when other people already see you as competent.

A small mishap or blunder can make you more likable, research finds.

In the psychology study, people spilled a cup of coffee over themselves, after which people rated them as more attractive.

The blunder made people appear more human and approachable.

The trick works well when other people already see you as competent.

The authors explain that talented people are sometimes disliked by others:

“…group members who are considered the most able are not necessarily the best liked.

It has also been demonstrated that people who initiate the most ideas and are acknowledged as the best “idea” men [or women] by other members of their group are usually not the best liked group members.

A great deal of ability, in and of itself, might make the stimulus person seem “too good,” unapproachable, distant, non-human.”

Called the ‘pratfall effect’ by psychologists, it relies on the blunderer already being seen as confident.

In contrast, the incompetent blunderer is seen as less attractive after a pratfall.

So, just knocking things over, spilling drinks and slipping on bananas all day won’t do the trick!

The study’s authors write:

“Taken as a whole, these data support the contention that a blunder on the part of a superior person removes the onus of being “too good”; it increases his approachability and makes him seem less austere, more human-while a blunder on the part of a mediocre person makes him seem that much more mediocre.”

The study was published in the journal Psychonomic Science (Aronson et al., 1966).

10 Scents That Make You Smarter, Calmer, Happier & More Social (P)

Unlock the surprising science of scent — and how it silently steers your brain and behaviour.

We often think of smell as the least important of our senses, but psychological research suggests otherwise.

Scents can shift our mood, sharpen our memory and even influence how we relate to other people.

Certain smells can make us calmer, smarter, or more focused — and sometimes they reveal more about us than we realize.

These 10 studies show just how deeply smell is wired into our brains and emotions.

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The Colours People Wear To Look More Attractive

One makes people look sexually receptive, the other more fashionable.

One makes people look sexually receptive, the other more fashionable.

People wear more red and black when they want to look most attractive.It is well-known that red increases attractiveness as it sends unconscious signals that the person is sexually receptive.But it is only recently that psychologists have caught on to the power of black to make people appear more fashionable.Dr Robin Kramer, who led the study, said:
“Red is traditionally seen as the colour of love but more recently research has shown that both black and red are perceived as equally attractive, and that the two colours may simply increase attractiveness in different ways.While red may increase perceived attractiveness through evolutionary mechanisms, dates appear to rely more heavily on black in order to attract a potential mate, suggesting that cultural and societal influences may play a much larger role in the way people dress than the use of evolutionary signals.”
The results come from a study that analysed the dressing habits of 546 people on a UK dating show called ‘First Dates’.It found that, when dating, both men and women were much more likely to wear red and black in comparison to their pre-date interview.Black shoes, trousers and dresses were much more in evidence when people dated, than when they were interviewed beforehand.The same was true for both heterosexual and same-sex dates.Ms Jerrica Mulgrew, who co-authored the study, said:
“Our results provide the first real-world demonstration that people display more red and black clothing when meeting a potential partner for the first time and it was particularly interesting to find a larger increase in the amount of black worn as this wasn’t the focus when we designed the study.”
The study was published in the journal Evolutionary Psychology (Kramer & Mulgrew, 2018).

The Most Attractive Facial Expression In A Photo

People were shown happiness, fear, anger, disgust and surprise, as well as a neutral expression.

People were shown happiness, fear, anger, disgust and surprise, as well as a neutral expression.

The most attractive facial expression for a photo is any one you like.

People judge facial attractiveness from your features, so your expression makes little difference to a photo.

Smiling is often thought to be the most attractive facial expression, which is partly why most people smile in photos.

However, this study finds otherwise.

For the research, 128 people looked at a series of pictures of both men and women shown with different facial expressions.

They were shown happiness, fear, anger, disgust and surprise, as well as a neutral expression.

The men and women were given the same ratings for attractiveness, no matter what facial expression they displayed.

Bear in mind that this study only tested people in pictures.

If you were meeting someone face-to-face, then it will clearly matter if you smile or scowl.

But even when scowling it is obvious whether someone is good looking (or not).

The study’s authors conclude:

“Since the hard tissues of the face are unchangeable, people may still be able to perceive facial structure whatever expression the face is displaying, and still make attractiveness judgements based on structural cues.”

The study was published in the Journal of Nonverbal Behavior (Morrison et al., 2013).

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